Perl Programming Language

Perl is a general purpose, high level interpreted and dynamic programming language. Perl supports both the procedural and Object-Oriented programming. Perl is a lot similar to C syntactically and is easy for the users who have knowledge of C, C++. Since Perl is a lot similar to other widely used languages syntactically, it is easier to code and learn in Perl. Programs can be written in Perl in any of the widely used text editors like Notepad++, gedit, etc.

Basics

• Introduction to Perl
• Installation and Environment Setup
• Syntax of a Perl Program
• Hello World Program in Perl
• Perl vs C/C++
• Perl vs Java
• Perl vs Python

Fundamentals

• Modes of Writing a Perl Code
• Boolean Values
• Operators | Set – 1, Set – 2
• Variables
• Variables and its Types
• Scope of Variables
• Modules in Perl
• Packages in Perl
• Number and its Types
• Directories with CRUD operations

Input and Output

Use of print() and say() in Perl

• Perl | print operator
• Use of STDIN for Input

Control Flow

Decision Making

• Loops
• Perl given-when Statement
• Perl goto operator
• next operator
• redo operator
• last in loop

Datatypes

• Data Types
• Arrays and Lists:
  • Arrays
  • Array Slices
  • Getting the Number of Elements of an Array
  • Reverse an array
  • Sorting of Arrays
  • Useful Array functions
  • Arrays (push, pop, shift, unshift)
  • Implementing a Stack
  • List and its Types
  • List Functions
• Hash:
  • Introduction to Hash
  • Working of a Hash
  • Hash Operations
  • Sorting a Hash
  • Multidimensional Hashes
  • Hash in Scalar and List Context
  • Useful Hash functions
• Scalars:
  • Scalars
  • Comparing Scalars
  • scalar keyword

Strings

• Quoted, Interpolated and Escaped Strings
• Multi-line Strings | Here Document
• Sorting mixed Strings in Perl
• String Operators
• Useful String Operators
• String functions (length, lc, uc, index, rindex)
• Useful String functions
• Automatic String to Number Conversion or Casting
• Count the frequency of words in text
• Removing leading and trailing white spaces (trim)

Object Oriented Programming in Perl

Introduction to OOPs

• Classes
• Objects
• Methods
• Constructors and Destructors
• Method Overriding
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Encapsulation

Subroutines

• Subroutines or Functions | Set – 1, Set – 2
• Function Signature in Perl
• Passing Complex Parameters to a Subroutine
• Mutable and Immutable parameters
• Multiple Subroutines
• Use of return() Function
• References
• Pass By Reference
• Recursion in Perl

Regular Expressions

Regular Expressions

• Operators in Regular Expression
• Regex Character Classes
• Special Character Classes in Regular Expressions
• Quantifiers in Regular Expression
• Backtracking in Regular Expression
• ‘e’ modifier in Regex
• ‘ee’ Modifier in Regex
• pos() function in Regex
• Regex Cheat Sheet
• Searching in a File using regex

File Handling

File Handling Introduction

• Opening and Reading a File
• Writing to a File
• Appending to a File
• Reading a CSV File
• File Test Operators
• File Locking
• Use of Slurp Module
• Useful File-handling functions

Context Sensitivity

Scalar Context Sensitivity

• List Context Sensitivity
• STDIN in Scalar and List Context

CGI Programming

CGI Programming

• File Upload in CGI
• GET vs POST in CGI

Misc

• Breakpoints of a Debugger
• Exiting from a Script
• Creating Excel Files
• Reading Excel Files
• Number Guessing Game using Perl
• Database management using DBI
• Accessing a Directory using File Globbing
• Use of Hash bang or Shebang line
• Useful Math functions

GeeksforGeeks

Improve